The European Commission proposed extending the EU Emissions Trading System to international flights arriving in the European Economic Area from destinations within 5,000 km, effective 2029. This revision captures routes like Frankfurt–Dubai and Frankfurt–Istanbul while exempting long-haul services to the US, China, and Japan. Operators on these short-to-medium haul sectors will face new carbon costs for CO2 emissions, marking the first time departing EU flights within this radius are priced under ETS. The proposal includes a conditional free permit structure requiring decarbonization plans for 80% upfront allocation and mandates member states reinvest at least 50% of ETS revenues into domestic industries including aviation. If the international CORSIA framework is deemed insufficient by 2032, the Commission must propose expanding ETS to all departing international flights from Europe.