The International Air Transport Association (IATA) has called for governments and airlines to share responsibility more fairly when passengers are refused entry on arrival. A survey of 49 airlines and 22 border authorities found that 40 airlines had encountered cases in which authorities did not disclose the reason for refusal. Airlines reported paying at least part of costs assigned to governments under International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) rules in more than 90% of cases.
Under ICAO rules, airlines cover custody and care costs when a passenger is refused entry because of improper documentation; governments are responsible when the refusal is for other reasons. Without an explanation, carriers may have to arrange a passenger’s removal without knowing whether the costs fall to them or the state.
Average reported costs per inadmissible passenger ranged from about US$4,000 in North Asia to US$14,000 in Europe. All surveyed airlines reported operational delays associated with these cases, which can also require rebooking, disrupt aircraft and crew schedules, involve escorts and prolong coordination with authorities. One airline reported a charge of nearly €60,000 for care at €300 a day over six months while a passenger remained in government custody awaiting cooperation from an embassy.
IATA is urging governments to clarify cost responsibilities, make penalties and cost-sharing proportionate to airlines’ due diligence and control, and disclose refusal reasons within legal limits. It also called for stronger pre-departure checks, including interactive Advance Passenger Information and digital verification, and more effective coordination of removals. The survey findings are based on participant responses and are not a statistically representative global estimate.